目錄
前言 iii
1 范圍 .................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 定義 .................................................................................................................................................. 1
2.1 液力固結室的隔膜壓力 ......................................................................................................... 1
2.2 施加的總應力 ......................................................................................................................... 1
2.3 自由應變加載 ......................................................................................................................... 1
2.4 自由應變加載 ......................................................................................................................... 1
2.5 孔隙壓力比比率 ..................................................................................................................... 1
2.6 室壓（ 3 σ ） ........................................................................................................................... 2
2.7 反壓(UB) ................................................................................................................................... 2
2.8 有效室壓 ................................................................................................................................. 2
2.9 有效固結壓( ) ...................................................................................................................... 2
2.10 孔隙壓力系數A 和B ......................................................................................................... 2
3 液壓室確定固性 .............................................................................................................................. 2
3.1 綜述 ......................................................................................................................................... 2
3.2 儀器 ......................................................................................................................................... 4
3.3 試樣制備 ............................................................................................................................... 14
3.4 組裝壓力室 ........................................................................................................................... 18
3.5 單向垂直排水固結試驗步驟 ................................................................................................ 21
3.6 雙向垂直排水固結實驗的步驟 ............................................................................................ 32
3.7 向外徑向排水固結實驗的步驟 ............................................................................................ 34
3.8 運用內部徑向排水進行固結試驗的步驟 ............................................................................ 38
4 確定液壓固結室中的滲透性。 .................................................................................................... 41
4.1 綜述 ....................................................................................................................................... 41
4.2 制備試樣的儀器。 ............................................................................................................... 42
4.3 滲透試驗所需儀器 ............................................................................................................... 42
4.4 儀器標定 ............................................................................................................................... 43
4.5 儀器的準備和檢查 ............................................................................................................... 43
4.6 試驗試樣的制備 ................................................................................................................... 44
4.7 組裝壓力室 ........................................................................................................................... 44
4.8 試驗步驟 ............................................................................................................................... 44
4.9 計算 ....................................................................................................................................... 46
4.10 試驗報告 ............................................................................................................................... 47
5 用三軸壓力室確定等向固結性質 ................................................................................................ 48
5.1 綜述 ....................................................................................................................................... 48
5.2 儀器 ....................................................................................................................................... 48
5.3 制備和安裝試樣 ................................................................................................................... 53
5.4 飽和 ....................................................................................................................................... 54
5.5 帶有垂直排水的三軸固結步驟 ............................................................................................ 57
5.6 計算，繪圖并分析 ............................................................................................................... 58
5.7 試驗報告 ............................................................................................................................... 61
6 確定三軸壓力室中的滲透率 ........................................................................................................ 62
6.1 綜述 ....................................................................................................................................... 62
6.2 試樣制備儀器 ....................................................................................................................... 63
6.3 用于滲透試驗的儀器 ........................................................................................................... 63
6.4 儀器準備和檢查 ................................................................................................................... 64
6.5 制備和形成試樣 ................................................................................................................... 65
6.6 飽和 ....................................................................................................................................... 65
6.7 固結 ....................................................................................................................................... 65
6.8 滲透率的測量步驟（見附錄A 表6.P） ............................................................................. 65
6.9 計算 ....................................................................................................................................... 66
6.10 結果報告 ............................................................................................................................... 66
附錄A 典型試驗數據和計算形式 ............................................................................................... 68
參考刊物（封三） ................................................................................................................................ 85
圖 1-液壓室中固結實驗的排水和加載狀態 .......................................................................................... 5
圖 2-垂直排水的壓力室布置[試驗類型(A) ............................................................................................ 6
圖 3-隔膜的荷載標定布置 .................................................................................................................... 16
圖 4-周邊徑向排水固結實驗的液壓固結室連接（試驗類型(F)） .................................................... 23
圖 5-從對數時間曲線推導T50 .............................................................................................................. 29
圖 6-從冪函數曲線推導T50 和T90 ........................................................................................................ 32
圖 7-溫度校正曲線 ................................................................................................................................ 34
圖 8-三軸固結試驗的儀器和壓力室的布置 ........................................................................................ 51
圖9-從孔隙壓力消散對對數時間圖推導T50 ...................................................................................... 64
圖 10-三軸滲透性試驗的儀器和壓力室的布置 .................................................................................. 67